Tailored Solutions: Supporting Neurodiversity Through Adaptive Clothing and Uniforms
This article was created in partnership with PCIAW®.
What is Neurodiversity?
Neurodiversity refers to the different ways a person’s brain processes information. It is commonly used as an umbrella term to describe neurodifferences, such as dyslexia, dyspraxia, dyscalculia, tourette syndrome, autism and ADHD.
It is estimated that around 15-20% of the UK population are neurodivergent. This equates to around 13 million people and represents a large proportion of the workforce. There are many employers that have recognised the competitive advantage that neurodivergent thinking can bring to a workplace, as described by Harvard Business Review. However, when it comes to neuro-inclusive workplace uniform design, this can be often overlooked by employers. For some neurodivergent individuals, certain textures and fabrics can cause significant discomfort or some experience sensory processing disorder, for example:
Autism
Autism is a lifelong neurdifference that exists on a spectrum and can affect the way a person communicates, interacts, and processes the world around them. It is estimated that around 1 in 100 people in the UK are autistic. When it comes to clothing, some autistic individuals experience sensory sensitivities or tactile defensiveness to certain fabrics, textures, labels/tags or the fit due to over-responsive touch receptors.
Potential impacts on daily life:
Sensory issues with clothing can lead to meltdowns, anxiety, and rigid preferences for familiar, soft, loose-fitting items.
Certain material may feel uncomfortable, or even painful against the skin, such as wool, polyester, and hessian (burlap), as well as tight or restrictive fabrics like spandex.
Seams, tags, and labels on clothing can also cause discomfort and distraction.
Dyspraxia
Dyspraxia, otherwise known as developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common neurodifference affecting movement and coordination in children, young people, and adults. It is estimated roughly 3-5% of the population have some form of DCD. Individuals with dyspraxia can face issues with clothing due to challenges with motor skills, sensory processing, and coordination.
Potential impacts on daily life:
Motor skills challenges can result in issues with fastenings, such as buttons, zips, and laces.
Hypersensitivity to certain textures, seams, tags, or tightness.
Sensory processing challenges may result in the dislike of clothes going over the head, or wearing tight clothing.
ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects an estimated 5-10% of children and 3-4% of adults worldwide. It is characterised by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with daily functioning. Sensory challenges can make clothing choices an area of frustration for some ADHD individuals, such as:
Hypersensitivity to touch can make certain fabrics, seams, and tags uncomfortable, or even unbearable
Bright colours, busy patterns, and certain textures can be overstimulating and distracting.
Under the UK Equality Act 2010, disability is a protected characteristic, and this includes neurodifferences. This means an employer must consider reasonable adjustments to avoid putting an employee at a disadvantage. Whilst not every neurodivergent individual will identify as being disabled, most will meet the definition of disability under the legislation. It is therefore important that they are provided for within adjustments policies, and that conversations around support and adjustments are treated sensitively, recognising that people will have different preferences around their needs.
Enhancing Accessibility through Adaptive Clothing
Neuro-inclusion is crucial in all aspects of life, including workplaces, clothing, and uniforms, as it promotes accessibility and empowerment for individuals with neurodifferences or disabilities. Some key reasons why neuro-inclusion is important:
Enhancing Workplace Accessibility
Having adaptive uniforms or workwear can facilitate better accessibility and comfort for employees with neurodifferences. This not only promotes inclusivity in the workplace, but can also enhance productivity and job satisfaction for these individuals.
Promoting Independence and Self-Expression
Adaptive clothing and inclusive fashion initiatives cater to the unique needs of individuals with neurodifferences or disabilities, such as sensory processing disorders or dexterity challenges. By providing clothing options with features like magnetic closures, adjustable openings, or sensory-friendly fabrics, individuals can dress themselves independently and express their personal style without compromising comfort or functionality.
Fostering Inclusivity and Representation
Neuro-inclusion in clothing design challenges societal norms and promotes representation for individuals who have been historically marginalised or overlooked and underrepresented. Brands and designers can empower neurodiversity and support in creating a more equitable and inclusive society.
Understanding User Requirements for Neuro-Inclusive Designs
Designing inclusive clothing and uniforms for neurodivergent individuals requires considering various sensory needs, fine motor coordination, and potential sources of overstimulation. Here are some key considerations:
Fabric choice
Use soft, breathable, and non-irritating fabrics, like cotton or bamboo. These are preferred as they are softer and less irritating on the skin. Research by Kyriacou and colleagues (2021) found autistic participants preferred satin, denim, and cotton fabrics due to their softness.
Avoid rough textures, scratchy materials, or fabrics that cling to the body, such as wool or linen as these can be overwhelming and trigger adverse reactions. However, some neurodivergent individuals may prefer rougher textures for the sensory feedback.
Some express an aversion towards noisy fabrics and textures, describing it as annoying, or disliking the sound of the fabrics rubbing against each other.
Consider moisture-wicking fabrics for individuals sensitive to temperature changes or prone to overheating.
Fasteners and Closures
Replace buttons with zips, Velcro, or magnetic closures for easier dressing/undressing.
Use larger zip pulls or loops for better grip and motor control.
Avoid small buttons or fiddly closures that require fine motor skills.
Seams and Labels
Use flat seams or seamless construction to prevent irritation from raised seams.
Remove scratchy tags, labels, or branding that may cause sensory overload.
Print care instructions directly on the fabric instead of using sewn-in labels.
Patterns and Colours
Stick to solid, neutral colours or subtle patterns to avoid visual overstimulation.
Avoid busy prints, bright colours, or contrasting patterns that may be distracting.
Shoe Design
Shoes with Velcro or elastic closures instead of laces, as tying laces can be challenging for those with fine motor skill difficulties.
Choose shoes with a seamless interior lining to prevent irritation from seams rubbing against the feet.
Consider slip-on styles or shoes with wide openings for easy on/off without struggling with laces or tight openings.
Use soft, flexible materials for the uppers and soles to allow for comfortable movement and reduce sensory discomfort.
Fit and Adjustability
Offer adjustable waistbands, cuffs, or hems or necklines for a customised, comfortable fit.
Use stretchy or relaxed fits to allow for sensory-friendly movement.
Provide different size options to accommodate diverse body types.
Sensory Features
Include deep pressure inputs like weighted vests, lap pads, or compression clothing for calming proprioceptive input and can provide a soothing deep pressure input.
Offer fidget features like textured seams or fabric strips to provide stimulation.
Want to learn more about how Lexxic can support your organisation in embracing neurodiversity and discovering the most effective ways to empower your employees? Our Workplace Needs Assessments can help you in identifying areas where your employees may be facing challenges within their role, and the steps you can take to help them reach their full professional potential.
We’ve even introduced Next Day* Workplace Needs Assessments, so access to support is delivered as soon as you need it. Book in a chat with our team today to find out more.
*Completion and return of the Lexxic PAQ document are required for next day assessments
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